What is the impact of smoking on hypertension?
It is widely acknowledged that smoking may quickly lead to lung problems, yet many individuals are unaware of the influence of smoking on hypertension.
Recently, some researchers conducted a comparison observation and study on 250 male patients with normal blood pressure and patients with hypertension using the approach of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The findings revealed that among the male population with occasional normal blood pressure, the smoking group's systolic and diastolic blood pressures were higher than those of non-smokers during the day and night. During the day, the contrast is most noticeable. At the same time, smokers have a quicker heart rate than non-smokers.
According to the findings, smoking can raise blood pressure and heart rate in people with normal blood pressure. In untreated male patients with essential hypertension who did not have apparent cardiac, cerebral, or renal problems, smokers had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures during the day and night than nonsmokers. Smokers' night blood pressure was likewise much greater than nonsmokers', and the law of non-decrease of blood pressure during night sleep was established. Why does smoking raise blood pressure? At the moment, it is thought to be mostly caused by the very poisonous chemical nicotine found in cigarettes.
Nicotine can cause the heart and adrenal gland to emit a considerable quantity of catecholamines, causing the heart to beat faster, blood vessels to constrict, and blood pressure to rise. Some researchers discovered that smoking an ordinary cigarette can raise systolic blood pressure by 1.3 3.3kpa (10 30m mhg) if you smoke a lot for a long period. In other words, smoking 30-40 cigarettes per day might induce tiny artery contractions to occur on a constant basis. The smooth muscle of the tiny artery wall degenerates with time, and the intima of blood arteries progressively thickens, resulting in arteriosclerosis.
Smoking also affects blood lipid metabolism, increasing blood cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein while decreasing high-density lipoprotein. As a result, the development of atherosclerosis is hastened, and patients are more likely to develop fast malignant hypertension, subarachnoid hemorrhage, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and other complications.
Furthermore, some findings reveal that hypertension individuals who smoke have a more difficult time achieving an acceptable curative effect because of their lower sensitivity to antihypertensive medicines, and may even need to raise the dose. As can be shown, smoking has a significant influence on hypertension. As a result, smokers, particularly hypertensive patients, are encouraged to quit smoking as soon as possible.